His current government is built around a three-party centre-right coalition that depends on parliamentary support from the Sweden Democrats to maintain a majority.
The Sweden Democrats have supported the government from outside since 2022, but a victory for the right-wing bloc could see the party move into government and receive ministerial positions.
The party has become increasingly influential in Swedish politics after years on the political margins, particularly through its focus on immigration and crime.
Kristersson has made tackling organised crime and reducing immigration central priorities of his government.
Ahead of voting, he said his administration wanted to use what he described as improved economic and political conditions to raise living standards and improve everyday life for Swedish households.